ENV26-1

Implemented since May 2010, the ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement (ATIGA) is the cornerstone framework for intra-ASEAN trade, tariff liberalisation, and trade facilitation. Signed by all ten ASEAN Member States on 1 December 2025, the Upgraded ATIGA introduces new provisions on remanufactured goods, trade and environment, and other forward-looking areas, and is targeted for ratification and entry into force by end of 2026. Notably, it defines “remanufactured good” and “recovered material” for the first time (Article 2.15) and recognises circular economy (CE) as a cooperation area under the Trade and Environment Chapter. However, under Article 2.15 (Remanufactured Goods), the obligation not to restrict the importation of remanufactured goods applies immediately only to Brunei, Malaysia, and Singapore; the remaining seven Member States (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam) will instead enter into discussions on its application within five to seven years of entry into force, with a view to concluding these within two years thereafter. Targeted capacity-building and dialogue will therefore be needed to help bring these seven AMS toward full implementation. The Upgraded ATIGA also provides, under Article 17.5 (General Review), that CE-related issues will be taken up as part of the Agreement’s general review five years after entry into force, to be concluded within three years. This event is intended as an early, evidence-building step ahead of that review. Despite these new provisions, businesses trading in remanufactured goods, refurbished goods, and recovered materials continue to face uncertainty around classification, documentation, and compliance requirements.